Regulation Improvements in Aviation Industry After the Crashes

Everytime when deadly air crahses happens whether it's cause by crew management and communication, aircraft mechanic issue or human reaction and misunderstanding between the control tower and the crew the reports provide the causes. Each air crashes reveal weaknesses in certain areas, and five inccidence analysis led to improved operational procedures, aircraft certification standards, crew training and making comercial aviation safer over time.

Improvements in Crew Resource Management and Communication
          After the Tenerife Airport crash, the aviation authorities immediatly realized that the poor cockpit communication and authority gradients could lead to some serious situations. As a result, Crew Resource Management (CRM) became mandotory to be train worldwide. CRM teaches pilot to communicate clearly and direct, question unsafe decisions anf work as coordinated team rather than just listening to the captain. Also, standardized radio phrase was also introduced to reduce misunderstandings between the pilots and the air traffic controllers. Today, CRM principles are involved in airline training programs. (ICAO, Mayday: Air Disaster 1979 Tenerife episode)

Stricter Maintenance Standards and Structural Inspections          

          After the crash of JAL flight 123 exposed a sirous problem about the improper aircraft repairs. After the investigation confirmed that the incorrect maintenance caused the failure of pressure bulkhead, the regulators of aviation had strenthened maintenance documentation, inspection procedures, and certification systems and ensure that repairs to critical structures and follow engineering methods. The impact of this accident leads to stronger maintenance safety worldwide. (Japan Aircraft Accident Investigation Commission)

Aircraft Designing and Sytem Redundancy Improvements

          United Airlines Flight 232 showed that aircraft systems must be designed to avoid failures in different situations and environment. After the accident, manufactures and regulators had check over hydarulic and flight control system layouts to improve redundancy and separation. Engine inspection techniques were also enhanced to detect material fatigue before failure. These changes that stated in the report had influenced aircraft certification standards, ensuring that no mechanical failure could result in total loss of control. (NTSB AAR-90-06)

Pilot Training and Automation

          After the AF447 incidence happened, it directly shows weakness in pilot training in automation management (auto-pilot) and manual flight skills, especially on an modern A330-203 aircraft where the plane features strong computer system that assists pilots. As a result, aviation authorities required airlines to have better emphasis on manual flying at high altitude, stall recognition and recovery techniques. Training programs were updated to ensure pilots to understand how to mange aircraft systems when autopilot becomes unreliable. (BEA Final Report, 2012).

Regulatory Changes and Pilot Qualification Standards

          The colgan Air flight 3407 accident led to major regulatory changes, especially in the US. Investigators identified fatigue, lack of  training, and low flight experience as contributing factors. As a result, new rules increased minimum pilot qualification requirements, improved stall recovery training, and strengthened fatigue management policies. These changes had made procedures and standards more proffessional for airline pilots and improved safety over within regional airlines operations. (NTSB AAR-10-01)

Source:

Microsoft Word - 4 Advisory Circular — Crew Resource Management Training Programme (CRM) - ICAO CRM

cineflex productions (Director). (2023). Air crashes (season 16, episode 3). https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_RBLM6qO0g0 - Mayday Air Disaster Episode

Mayday Air Disasters. (2019, December 6). Air France Flight 447 Rio Paris 2019 (Mayday air disasters) [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_yU30_2zxh0 - Mayday Air Disaster Episode

Mayday: Air Disaster. (2023, December 27). Inside the unprecedented event on Japan Airlines flight 123 | Mayday: air disaster [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ikh51ls7x0M - Mayday Air Disaster Episode

Mayday: Air Disaster. (2025, February 25). The engine explosion that changed aviation forever | Mayday: Air disaster [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Lw4uhb8dFs4 - Mayday Air Disaster

Mayday: Air Disaster. (2023a, February 10). The worst plane crash of 2009 | Flight 3407 | Mayday: Air disaster [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U6tCJteMHrk - Mayday Air Disaster

F-GZCP VA-AF447

JA8119.pdf-JAL123

312.pdf - Tenerife Incident

United 232 NTSB Report : Free Download, Borrow, and Streaming : Internet Archive - UA232

2009_DHC8-400_Clarence_Center_NY_Accident_Final_Report.pdf - Colgan3407